Welcome you all for the 3rd International Conference @ Sri Vidya College...

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Welcome you all for the 3rd International Conference @ Sri Vidya College...

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The function that is used to display output on screen is called:

1) printf
2) scanf
3) pow
4) none


ans: 1) printf

The Shanti Bhavan (Haven of Peace) school near Bangalore sets out to prove that children from extremely poor backgrounds, if given the right education and technology, succeed in a globalised world as well as their better-off counterparts

A dusty one-hour drive from Bangalore brings you to Shanti Bhavan residential school set up by Abraham George, an Indian who, after making it big in America, returned to India with a mission: to open a private non-sectarian boarding school for children of India's poorest of the poor. To take them out of their degraded environments and provide them access to quality education. To help them make something of their lives, and prove that, given access to the same technologies and education that have enabled other Indians to thrive in a globalised world, these children too can become leaders in their chosen fields.

Shanti Bhavan currently houses 160 students (all 'untouchables') -- children of poor farmers, daily-wage labourers, coolies, rag-pickers, quarry workers. "They come from homes below the poverty line, and from the lowest caste of untouchables, who are supposed to be fulfilling their destiny and left where they are -- according to the unwritten laws of Indian society," says Lalita Law, the school's principal. "We get these children at age 4. They don't know what it is to have a drink of clean water (or use a toilet). They bathe in filthy gutter water -- if they are lucky to have a gutter near where they live. They don't even have proper scraps of clothing."

Shanti Bhavan is a project of the George Foundation, Abraham George's not-for-profit organisation, set up in 1995 in Bangalore, India. The Foundation aims to alleviate poverty, promote environmental health and strengthen democratic institutions and values in developing countries. It believes that poor people are able to break the cycle of poverty and social deprivation only through institutions like Shanti Bhavan. The Foundation believes that the impact of major successes through training at Shanti Bhavan is permanent for the children and their families.

When Shanti Bhavan opened its doors in August 1997 it was with one clear objective: to shape the future of a select number of very poor children in India, integrate them in the mainstream and turn them into productive members of society. The belief is that the unhappy consequences of extreme want can be overcome if problems are tackled during the early stages of a child's development. Poor children are no different from their more fortunate counterparts if they are given a chance to dream and to aspire, and are supported through education and constant encouragement to realise their full potential.

At Shanti Bhavan, the children follow a comprehensive programme that meets their individual emotional, social, health and educational needs. They build character and self-esteem and their abilities are strengthened through various skills. They are taught to succeed not just in their immediate community but in the global marketplace. Their parents too are trained to play a positive role in the growth and development of their sons and daughters.

Shanti Bhavan takes in students at age four. These children have never had any kind of exposure to pre-nursery education. They have never held a pencil, nor have they been exposed to any form of educational stimuli. Therefore, the curriculum for the first three years has been designed to minimise stress. Teachers focus on developing close relationships with their students, to foster trust and confidence. Attention is paid to personal hygiene and social abilities. Most children are unfamiliar with a structured routine and the use of toilets, beds, tables, chairs and basic amenities that their counterparts from more privileged backgrounds take for granted. Adapting to a comfortable way of life is difficult. "We have to start by socialising them. When we first get them, they run out and urinate and defecate wherever they want. (At first) we don't make them sleep on beds because it is a culture shock. Our goal is to give them a world-class education so they can aspire to careers and professions that would have been totally beyond their reach, and have been so for generations," Law explains.

The students live on campus for a greater part of the year. Their parents visit them every three months, taking them home for short vacations twice a year.

Before admitting its students Shanti Bhavan researches the families of each child over a period of five months in order to ascertain his/her socio-economic profile. (The recruitment team consists of a social worker, a clinical psychologist, a paediatrician and the school principal.) This way, the overall needs of the community can be met in a more constructive way.

[B]Contact:[/B]The George Foundation
210, 5th Cross
3rd Block
HRBR Layout
Kalyananagar
Bangalore 560043
India
Tel:080- 25444170/25444164
E-mail:

[B]InfoChange News & Features, May 2004[/B]

EDUCATION ABOUT NEW TECHNOLOGY

DEFINITION

Internet of Things (IoT)

Part of the Cloud computing glossary:

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a scenario in which objects, animals or people are provided with unique identifiers and the ability to transfer data over a network without requiring human-to-human or human-to-computer interaction. IoT has evolved from the convergence of wireless technologies, micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) and the Internet.

A thing, in the Internet of Things, can be a person with a heart monitor implant, a farm animal with a biochip transponder, an automobile that has built-in sensors to alert the driver when tire pressure is low -- or any other natural or man-made object that can be assigned an IP address and provided with the ability to transfer data over a network. So far, the Internet of Things has been most closely associated with machine-to-machine (M2M) communication in manufacturing and power, oil and gas utilities. Products built with M2M communication capabilities are often referred to as being smart. (See: smart label, smart meter, smart grid sensor)

IPv6’s huge increase in address space is an important factor in the development of the Internet of Things. According to Steve Leibson, who identifies himself as “occasional docent at the Computer History Museum,” the address space expansion means that we could “assign an IPV6 address to every atom on the surface of the earth, and still have enough addresses left to do another 100+ earths.” In other words, humans could easily assign an IP address to every "thing" on the planet. An increase in the number of smart nodes, as well as the amount of upstream data the nodes generate, is expected to raise new concerns aboutdata privacy, data sovereignty and security. 

Although the concept wasn't named until 1999, the Internet of Things has been in development for decades. The first Internet appliance, for example, was a Coke machine at Carnegie Melon University in the early 1980s. The programmers could connect to the machine over the Internet, check the status of the machine and determine whether or not there would be a cold drink awaiting them, should they decide to make the trip down to the machine.

Kevin Ashton, cofounder and executive director of the Auto-ID Center at MIT, first mentioned the Internet of Things in a presentation he made to Procter & Gamble. Here’s how Ashton explains the potential of the Internet of Things:

“Today computers -- and, therefore, the Internet -- are almost wholly dependent on human beings for information. Nearly all of the roughly 50 petabytes (a petabyte is 1,024terabytes) of data available on the Internet were first captured and created by human beings by typing, pressing a record button, taking a digital picture or scanning a bar code. 

The problem is, people have limited time, attention and accuracy -- all of which means they are not very good at capturing data about things in the real world. If we had computers that knew everything there was to know about things -- using data they gathered without any help from us -- we would be able to track and count everything and greatly reduce waste, loss and cost. We would know when things needed replacing, repairing or recalling and whether they were fresh or past their best.”

UNDERSTAND THE PROBLEM

கணித மேதைகள் மூன்று பேர் + ஒரு சாதாரண ஆள் இவர்கள் நாலு பேரையும் ஒரு சிறையில் அடைத்து ஒரு சிக்கலான புதிரைக் கொடுத்து அதை விடுவிக்க சொன்னார்களாம்.
அந்த புதிரின் விடையின் படி அந்த சிறைக்கதவின் பூட்டை செட் செய்தால் அது திறந்து கொள்ளுமாம்.
கணித மேதைகள் மூன்று பேரும் மணிக்கணக்காக பேப்பர்களை வைத்துக் கொண்டு புதிரை விடுவிக்க மண்டையைப் பிய்த்துக்கொண்டிருந்த போது அந்த சாதாரண ஆள் கூலாக உட்கார்ந்திருந்தானாம்.
பின்னர் மெதுவாக நடந்து சென்று கதவைத் தள்ள அது திறந்து கொண்டதாம். அதாவது கதவு பூட்டப்படவே இல்லை.
இதில் இருந்து நாம் தெரிந்து கொள்ளும் இன்னொரு விஷயம் என்ன என்றால்
தீர்வுகளை காணும் முன் , பிரச்சினை உண்மையில் உள்ளதா? என்பதை தெரிந்து கொள்ள வேண்டும் ("Before working on the solutions, make sure the problem really exists!")
கணித மேதைகள் மூன்று பேர் + ஒரு சாதாரண ஆள் இவர்கள் நாலு பேரையும் ஒரு சிறையில் அடைத்து ஒரு சிக்கலான புதிரைக் கொடுத்து அதை விடுவிக்க சொன்னார்களாம்.

அந்த புதிரின் விடையின் படி அந்த சிறைக்கதவின் பூட்டை செட் செய்தால் அது திறந்து கொள்ளுமாம்.

கணித மேதைகள் மூன்று பேரும் மணிக்கணக்காக பேப்பர்களை வைத்துக் கொண்டு புதிரை விடுவிக்க மண்டையைப் பிய்த்துக்கொண்டிருந்த போது அந்த சாதாரண ஆள் கூலாக உட்கார்ந்திருந்தானாம்.

பின்னர் மெதுவாக நடந்து சென்று கதவைத் தள்ள அது திறந்து கொண்டதாம். அதாவது கதவு பூட்டப்படவே இல்லை.

இதில் இருந்து நாம் தெரிந்து கொள்ளும் இன்னொரு விஷயம் என்ன என்றால்

தீர்வுகளை காணும் முன் , பிரச்சினை உண்மையில் உள்ளதா? என்பதை தெரிந்து கொள்ள வேண்டும் ("Before working on the solutions, make sure the problem really exists!")